Introducción TAD´S y Ortodoncia
Es muy interesante la forma en como ha ido cambiando la ortodoncia en el mundo con la llegada de nuevas aleaciones, conceptos de fricción y elementos de apoyo y anclaje que van haciendo la práctica clínica mucho más amigable desde un enfoque periodontal, biomecánico, transformándola en resultados más rápidos, asertivos y biomecánicamente menos complejos.
La llegada de aditamentos como los ortoimplantes revolucionaron el concepto de anclaje y puntos de apoyos biomecánicos, es importante considerarlos como optimizadores de biomecánica no propiamente aceleradores de la ortodoncia, claro que al optimizar la biomecánica se simplifican los tiempos del tratamiento y en la ortopedia maxilar a través del uso de aparatos disyuntores anclados a hueso han revolucionado la forma de ver y trabajar biomecánicas desde un perfil más higiénico, poco invasivo y de alta versatilidad.
Dentro de la denominación a estos dispositivos han existido diferentes nomenclaturas, Tad´s, ortoimplantes, miniimplantes, etc. Hay tener en cuenta que todos en general refieren al mismo dispositivo y que en términos generales microtornillos en ortodoncia y Tad’s han sido hoy día los más aceptados.
Los ortoimplantes han tenido una experimentación en la historia, buscando siempre las cualidades de cero toxicidad, biocompatibilidad, buen desempeño mecánico y facilidad de colocación entre muchas más.
Es importante considerar al factor de la respuesta inmunológica a la aleación del microtornillo como el elemento que rige la posibilidad de un rechazo o fracaso en la colocación y duración en cavidad oral de manera correcta.
Hoy día sabemos que la aleación de titanio favorece por mucho esta cero posibilidad de rechazo inmunológico, no obstante, el costo de esta aleación es o suele ser elevado. Hoy día en el mundo se buscan componente lo más biológicamente compatibles al menor costo posible y el acero de grado quirúrgico ha marcado una fuerte competencia para el titanio, debido a sus cualidades mecánicas aceptables, y poca respuesta inmune, al decir poca respuesta no estamos diciendo nula, por lo cual es factor importante el considerar que puede existir entre más baja sea la calidad del acero la posibilidad del aumento al rechazo.
Hablar de rechazo de un ortoimplante obedece a una serie de factores que abordaremos en otra lectura. Hoy los invito a leer un articulo que me ha parecido interesante respecto a una revisión bibliográfica y los invito a que se sumen a la ortodoncia contemporánea dónde el anclaje absoluto está al alcance de un dispositivo de fácil colocación y en donde de manera simultánea hacemos movimientos ortodónticos usando el punto de apoyo ideal.
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